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Dictionary of Law |
sanction :: legal definitionSanction - n. 1) a financial penalty imposed by a judge on a party or attorney for violation of a court rule, for receiving a special waiver of a rule, or as a fine for contempt of court. If a fine, the sanction may be paid to the court or to the opposing party to compensate the other side for inconvenience or added legal work due to the rule violation. Examples: a) under local rules Bagatelle's attorney is required to file a brief in response to the opposition's motion five days before the hearing, but is two days late. The judge accepts the documents, but imposes a $200 sanction on Bagatelle's attorney for the failure to file them on time. b) Campbell's lawyer wants to include a newly found expert in his list of witnesses, but the date for adding to the list has passed. The judge permits the added witness, but allows the opposition to take the expert's deposition, and imposes a sanction (fine) on Campbell to pay both sides' costs of the deposition and $500 attorney's fees to the opposing counsel. c) Defendant Danny Dipper says "you son-of-a-bitch" in court when the judge fines him $100 for jay-walking. The judge imposes a sanction of $200 and a day in jail for Danny's contempt of court. 2) v. to impose a fine or penalty as part of a judge's duty to maintain both order and fairness in court. 3) v. in international law, to impose economic constraints on trade against a country that violates international law or is guilty of human rights violations. 4) v. to allow or approve. This meaning is ironically in contrast to the other definitions of "sanction." See also: contempt of court and Related Law Terms ↓ Related Law Termsabuse of discretion :: n. a polite way of saying a trial judge has made s ... partner's realistic ability to pay.actual controversy :: n. a true legal dispute which leads to a genuine l ... al outcome. See also: friendly suit ad litem :: adj. legal Latin meaning "for the purposes of the ... of age. See also: guardian ad litem administrative law :: n. the procedures created by administrative agenci ... judge Administrative Procedure Act admiralty :: n. concerning activities which occur at sea, inclu ... "proctors." See also: maritime law admission to bail :: n. an order of a court in a criminal case allowing ... lient. See also: bail bail bondsman adverse witness :: n. a witness in a trial who is found by the judge ... r the opposition. See also: witness advisory opinion :: n. an opinion stated by a judge or a court upon th ... o: actual controversy friendly suit amend :: v. to alter or change by adding, subtracting, or s ... mended pleading statute stipulation American Bar Association :: n. the largest organization of American lawyers, w ... go, IL 60611; tel.: (312) 988-5522. amicus curiae :: n. Latin for "friend of the court," a party or an ... party's presentation to the court. answer :: n. in law, a written pleading filed by a defendant ... emurrer general denial verification antitrust laws :: n. acts adopted by Congress to outlaw or restrict ... so: price fixing restraint of trade appeal :: 1) v. to ask a higher court to reverse the decisio ... ng, as in "he has filed an appeal." appearance :: n. the act of a party or an attorney showing up in ... neral appearance special appearance approach the bench :: v. an attorney's movement from the counsel table t ... ake a recess to go to the restroom. arbitration :: n. a mini-trial, which may be for a lawsuit ready ... tance of the arbitrator's decision. arbitrator :: n. one who conducts an arbitration, and serves as ... he other two. See also: arbitration arrest :: v. 1) to take or hold a suspected criminal with le ... anda warning probable cause warrant attachment :: n. the seizing of money or property prior to getti ... bond. See also: writ of attachment attorney :: n. 1) an agent or someone authorized to act for an ... ialize. See also: court reciprocity Attorney General :: n. in each state and the federal government the hi ... izenry. See also: Solicitor General attorney of record :: n. the attorney who has appeared in court and/or s ... eve have long since been completed. attorney's advertising :: n. the commercials which appear on television or c ... es to handle high volume practices. bankruptcy :: n. a federal system of statutes and courts which p ... y proceedings trustee in bankruptcy bankruptcy proceedings :: n. the bankruptcy procedure is: a) filing a petiti ... ankruptcy court claim in bankruptcy bar :: 1) n. collectively all attorneys, as "the bar," wh ... a room, building, or real property. bar examination :: n. the examination given in each state by either t ... n that district. See also: attorney bifurcate :: v. the order or ruling of a judge that one issue i ... is necessary. See also: bifurcation Bill of Rights :: n. the first ten amendments to the federal Constit ... ved to the states or to the people. brief :: 1) n. a written legal argument, usually in a forma ... another person. See also: precedent cartel :: n. 1) an arrangement among supposedly independent ... Colombia. See also: antitrust laws case law :: n. reported decisions of appeals courts and other ... es. See also: case system precedent case system :: n. the method of studying law generally used in Am ... Langdell and soon became standard. challenge :: n. the right of each attorney in a jury trial to r ... ess. See also: peremptory challenge Chief Justice :: n. the presiding judge of any State Supreme Court ... nks of existing Associate Justices. child custody :: n. a court's determination of which parent, relati ... pport custody divorce joint custody circuit courts :: n. a movable court in which the judge holds court ... alled the Circuit Courts of Appeal. claim in bankruptcy :: n. the written claim filed by persons or businesse ... : bankruptcy bankruptcy proceedings class action :: n. a lawsuit filed by one or more people on behalf ... ees usually require court approval. clean hands doctrine :: n. a rule of law that a person coming to court wit ... ices. See also: affirmative defense clerk :: n. 1) an official or employee who handles the busi ... stocking shelves, or counter sales. comity :: n. when one court defers to the jurisdiction of an ... of cases to which comity may apply. commercial frustration :: n. an unforeseen uncontrollable event which occurs ... rustration of purpose impossibility common law :: n. the traditional unwritten law of England, based ... plied without reference to statute. comparative negligence :: n. a rule of law applied in accident cases to dete ... utory negligence damages negligence complaint :: n. the first document filed with the court (actual ... g prayer service of process summons conclusion of law :: n. a judge's final decision on a question of law w ... aw if requested. See also: judgment conflict of law :: n. a situation in which both state and federal law ... y arose. See also: forum preemption conservator :: n. a guardian and protector appointed by a judge t ... ies. See also: conservatee guardian constable :: n. a law officer for a particular area such as a r ... ice of the Peace. See also: sheriff constitution :: n. the fundamental, underlying document which esta ... ts common law constitutional rights consumer protection laws :: n. almost all states and the federal government ha ... rranty product liability securities contempt of court :: n. there are essentially two types of contempt: a) ... roduce evidence. See also: sanction continuing objection :: n. an objection to certain questions or testimony ... ional distress. See also: objection contract :: 1) n. an agreement with specific terms between two ... n oral contract unilateral contract contributory negligence :: n. a doctrine of common law that if a person was i ... : comparative negligence negligence corporation :: n. an organization formed with state governmental ... ation public corporation securities cost bill :: n. a list of claimed court costs submitted by the ... also: court costs prevailing party court :: n. 1) the judge, as in "The court rules in favor o ... cost and wait of full court trials. court costs :: n. fees for expenses that the courts pass on to at ... ee also: cost bill prevailing party court of equity :: n. originally in English common law and in several ... also: chancery court of law equity court of law :: n. any tribunal within a judicial system. Under En ... aw. See also: chancery court equity court-martial :: 1) n. a military court for trying offenses in viol ... the U.S. Court of Military Appeals. criminal calendar :: n. the list of criminal cases to be called in cour ... e plea preliminary hearing sentence cross-complaint :: n. after a complaint has been filed against a defe ... g prayer service of process summons cross-examination :: n. the opportunity for the attorney (or an unrepre ... examination testimony trial witness cruel and unusual punishment :: n. governmental penalties against convicted crimin ... opted. See also: capital punishment damages :: n. the amount of money which a plaintiff (the pers ... liquidated damages special damages day in court :: n. popular term for everyone's opportunity to brin ... rt to protest his speeding ticket." declaratory judgment :: n. a judgment of a court which determines the righ ... ys it. See also: declaratory relief deed :: 1) n. the written document which transfers title ( ... veyance deed of trust warranty deed default :: 1) n. failure to respond to a summons and complain ... default judgment notice of default demurrer :: n. (dee-muhr-ur) a written response to a complaint ... demurrer. See also: motion pleading deposition :: n. the taking and recording of testimony of a witn ... See also: deponent depose discovery descent :: n. the rules of inheritance established by law in ... on inheritance intestate succession direct examination :: n. the first questioning of a witness during a tri ... nation deposition testimony witness disbar :: v. to remove an attorney from the list of practici ... legal ethics. (See moral turpitude discovery :: n. the entire efforts of a party to a lawsuit and ... ee also: deposition interrogatories dismiss :: v. the ruling by a judge that all or a portion (on ... nst that party. See also: dismissal divorce :: 1) n. the termination of a marriage by legal actio ... y separate property spousal support docket :: 1) n. the cases on a court calendar. 2) n. brief n ... r or make notes on action in court. ejusdem generis :: (eh-youse-dem generous) v adj. Latin for "of the s ... t was of land-based transportation. enjoin :: v. for a court to order that someone either do a s ... so: injunction temporary injunction entrapment :: n. in criminal law, the act of law enforcement off ... e drugs if not pressed by the narc? equal protection of the law :: n. the right of all persons to have the same acces ... laws." See also: due process of law equity :: n. 1) a venerable group of rights and procedures t ... ry enjoin equitable injunction writ error :: n. a mistake by a judge in procedure or in substan ... or. See also: harmless error remand evidence :: n. every type of proof legally presented at trial ... material object objection relevant ex parte :: (ex par-tay, but popularly, ex party) adj. Latin m ... and place of any ex parte hearing. ex post facto :: adj. Latin for "after the fact," which refers to l ... ted before the new law was adopted. examination :: n. 1) the questioning of a witness by an attorney. ... irect examination testimony witness exception :: n. 1) a formal objection during trial ("We take ex ... cluded. See also: exception in deed exclusionary rule :: n. the rule that evidence secured by illegal means ... e poisonous tree motion to suppress expert witness :: n. a person who is a specialist in a subject, ofte ... sitions. See also: expert testimony file :: 1) v. to deposit with the clerk of the court a wri ... rrespondence and notes on the case. final settlement :: n. an agreement reached by the parties to a lawsui ... rneys present. See also: settlement finding :: n. the determination of a factual question vital ( ... e case. See also: conclusion of law forum non conveniens :: (for-uhm nahn cahn-vee-nee-ehns) n. Latin for a fo ... most convenient location for trial. fraud :: n. the intentional use of deceit, a trick or some ... audulent conveyance intrinsic fraud gag order :: n. a judge's order prohibiting the attorneys and t ... st day in office, January 22, 1993. garnish :: v. to obtain a court order directing a party holdi ... ed. See also: garnishee garnishment general appearance :: n. an attorney's representation of a client in cou ... case. See also: special appearance Grand Jury :: n. a jury in each county or federal court district ... arge indictment preliminary hearing grantor-grantee index :: n. a set of books and/or computerized lists found ... ument in tracking a chain of title. guardian :: n. a person who has been appointed by a judge to t ... torship. See also: conservator ward habeas corpus :: (hay-bee-us core-puss) n. Latin for "you have the ... nality of a state court conviction. harmless error :: n. an error by a judge in the conduct of a trial w ... ar to be harmless." See also: error hearsay rule :: n. the basic rule that testimony or documents whic ... interest dying declaration hearsay hostile witness :: n. technically an "adverse witness" in a trial who ... so: adverse witness leading witness in propria persona :: adj. from Latin "for one's self," acting on one's ... client and an ass for an attorney." indictment :: n. a charge of a felony (serious crime) voted by a ... ictable offense preliminary hearing indigent :: 1) n. a person so poor and needy that he/she canno ... person who is very poor and needy. information :: n. an accusation or criminal charge brought by the ... Jury indictment preliminary hearing injunction :: n. a writ (order) issued by a court ordering someo ... t. See also: injunctive relief writ insanity :: n. mental illness of such a severe nature that a p ... M'Naughten rule temporary insanity insolvency :: n. 1) the condition of having more debts (liabilit ... the property. See also: bankruptcy insurance :: n. a contract (insurance policy) in which the insu ... t clause Workers' Compensation Acts international law :: n. treaties between countries; multi-lateral agree ... all nations. See also: World Court interpleader :: n. the procedure when two parties are involved in ... e claimants fight over it in court. interrogatories :: n. a set of written questions to a party to a laws ... ing. See also: deposition discovery irrelevant :: adj. not important, pertinent, or germane to the m ... ce immaterial incompetent objection joinder :: n. the joining together of several lawsuits or sev ... er misjoinder multiplicity of suits joint and several :: adj. referring to a debt or a judgment for neglige ... ution contributory negligence joint judge :: 1) n. an official with the authority and responsib ... ice justice of the peace magistrate judgment creditor :: n. the winning plaintiff in a lawsuit to whom the ... 's rights judgment prevailing party jurisdiction :: n. the authority given by law to a court to try ca ... Superior Court Supreme Court venue jury :: n. one of the remarkable innovations of the Englis ... hallenge sequester venire voir dire jury fees :: n. the rather minimal amount paid each day to juro ... ees as a court cost. See also: jury justice :: n. 1) fairness. 2) moral rightness. 3) a scheme or ... e appellate courts. See also: court juvenile court :: n. a special court or department of a trial court ... See also: court juvenile delinquent kangaroo court :: n. 1) a mock court set up without legal basis, suc ... See also: star chamber proceedings last clear chance :: n. a rule of law in determining responsibility for ... contributory negligence negligence law :: n. 1) any system of regulations to govern the cond ... um maritime law natural law statute law book :: n. any of numerous volumes dealing with law, inclu ... : common law law Shepardize statute lay a foundation :: v. in evidence, to provide to the judge the qualif ... ce and training. See also: evidence leading :: 1) v. short for "leading the witness," in which th ... tness leading the witness objection leading question :: n. a question asked of a witness by an attorney du ... e also: cross-examination objection libel :: 1) n. to publish in print (including pictures), wr ... libel per se public figure slander limited partnership :: n. a special type of partnership which is very com ... mited liability partner partnership lineup :: n. a law enforcement method used in an attempt to ... entification is precarious at best. lis pendens :: (lease pen-dense) n. Latin for "a suit pending," a ... ob can be penalized by court order. living will :: n. also called "a durable power of attorney," it i ... upport. See also: power of attorney long-arm statute :: n. law which gives a local state court jurisdictio ... rt jurisdiction over the defendant. magistrate :: n. 1) a generic term for any judge of a court, or ... ce of the peace preliminary hearing malpractice :: n. An act or continuing conduct of a professional ... eed. See also: errors and omissions mandamus :: (man-dame-us) n. Latin for "we order," a writ (mor ... mandamus. See also: writ of mandate marshal :: 1) n. a federal court official who may serve paper ... tablish priorities among creditors. maxims :: n. a collection of legal truisms which are used as ... e and the ordinary habits of life." mediation :: n. the attempt to settle a legal dispute through a ... a settlement. See also: arbitration Miranda warning :: n. the requirement, also called the Miranda rule, ... me such a suspect? See also: rights mistake :: n. 1) an error in comprehending facts, meaning of ... time. See also: contract rescission moot court :: n. law school exercise in which students argue bot ... fferent law schools. See also: moot motion :: n. a formal request made to a judge for an order o ... g, an oral motion may be permitted. motion for a summary judgment :: n. a written request for a judgment in the moving ... strict procedures. See also: motion no fault insurance :: n: a type of automobile insurance required of car ... ling lawsuits. See also: negligence nominal party :: n. a defendant or a plaintiff included in a lawsui ... ed. See also: necessary party party non-profit corporation :: n. an organization incorporated under state laws a ... harity corporation cy pres doctrine not guilty :: n. 1) plea of a person who claims not to have comm ... t guilty by reason of insanity plea not guilty by reason of insanity :: n. plea in court of a person charged with a crime ... fense not guilty temporary insanity notice :: n. 1) information, usually in writing in all legal ... Thirty-day notice three-day notice nunc pro tunc :: (nuhnk proh tuhnk) adj. Latin for "now for then," ... r actuality of a bigamous marriage. object :: 1) v. to ask the court not to allow a particular q ... he contract..." See also: objection objection :: n. a lawyer's protest about the legal propriety of ... ng question object overrule sustain of counsel :: adj. reference to an attorney who is not actively ... quiring his/her full-time presence. officer of the court :: n. any person who has an obligation to promote jus ... also: attorney bailiff clerk judge opinion :: n. the explanation of a court's judgment. When a t ... which the author is not specified. order :: 1) n. every direction or mandate of a judge or a c ... defendant. See also: judge judgment order to show cause :: n. a judge's written mandate that a party appear i ... vernmental agency. See also: O.S.C. out of court :: adj. referring to actions, including negotiations ... is dismissed. See also: settlement overrule :: v. 1) to reject an attorney's objection to a quest ... : appellate court objection sustain paid into court :: adj. referring to money deposited with the clerk o ... differences. See also: interpleader party :: n. 1) one of the participants in a lawsuit or othe ... y real party in interest respondent party of the first part :: n. reference in a written contract to identify one ... ies another party to the agreement. peremptory challenge :: n. the right of the plaintiff and the defendant in ... challenge for cause jury voir dire petition :: 1) n. a formal written request to a court for an o ... dent. See also: divorce motion writ plea :: n. 1) in criminal law, the response by an accused ... raignment plead preliminary hearing power of attorney :: n. a written document signed by a person giving an ... y, as in a real estate transaction. precedent :: 1) n. a prior reported opinion of an appeals court ... to perform. See also: stare decisis preliminary hearing :: n. in criminal law, a hearing to determine if a pe ... nment charge Grand Jury information presiding judge :: n. 1) in both state and federal appeals court, the ... and chairs meetings of the judges. presumption :: n. a rule of law which permits a court to assume a ... resumption at all, but a certainty. prevailing party :: n. the winner in a lawsuit. Many contracts, leases ... ed before or after trial has begun. privileged communication :: n. statements and conversations made under circums ... See also: attorney-client privilege privileges and immunities :: n. the fundamental rights that people enjoy in fre ... t impinge on constitutional rights. pro tem :: 1) adj. short for the Latin pro tempore, temporari ... as "Sam Collins is Pro Tem today." probate :: 1) n. the process of proving a will is valid and t ... e also: administrator executor will procedure :: n. the methods and mechanics of the legal process. ... cases are tried and judgments made. process :: n. in law, the legal means by which a person is re ... service of process subpena summons promissory note :: n. a written promise by a person (variously called ... lso: interest obligee obligor usury proper party :: n. a person or entity who has an interest (financi ... lf. See also: necessary party party question of fact :: n. in a lawsuit or criminal prosecution, an issue ... also: finding judge question of law question of law :: n. an issue arising in a lawsuit or criminal prose ... udge question of fact trier of fact qui tam action :: : (kwee tam) n. from Latin for "who as well," a la ... technical violations and/or errors. real party in interest :: n. the person or entity who will benefit from a la ... st is the beneficiary of the trust. recuse :: v. to refuse to be a judge (or for a judge to agre ... to the defendant. See also: recusal regulations :: n. rules and administrative codes issued by govern ... es usually have similar procedures. remand :: v. to send back. An appeals court may remand a cas ... ee also: appeal preliminary hearing respondent :: n. 1) the party who is required to answer a petiti ... "appellant") in the appeals court. retroactive :: adj. referring to a court's decision or a statute ... ospective." See also: ex post facto review :: n. the judicial consideration of a lower court jud ... ate court reversal reversible error ripe :: adj. in constitutional law, referring to a law cas ... or more issues raised by the case. rogatory letters :: n. a written request by a judge to a judge in anot ... also: deposition testimony witness rule :: 1) v. to decide a legal question, by a court, as i ... ee also: regulations rules of court rules of court :: n. a set of procedural regulations adopted by cour ... s counsel. See also: procedure rule satisfaction of judgment :: n. a document signed by a judgment creditor (the p ... ord. See also: abstract of judgment search warrant :: n. a written order by a judge which permits a law ... ble cause search search and seizure sentence :: 1) n. the punishment given to a person convicted o ... ence restitution suspended sentence service by mail :: n. mailing legal pleadings to opposing attorneys o ... attorney by mail. See also: service settlement :: n. the resolution of a lawsuit (or of a legal disp ... ult in settlement. See also: settle sheriff :: n. the top law enforcement officer for a county, u ... ." See also: bailiff sheriff's sale shortening time :: n. an order of the court in response to the motion ... e notice is served within 24 hours. small claims court :: n. a division of most municipal, city or other low ... od example of a small claims court. speaking demurrer :: n. an attempt to introduce evidence during a heari ... the operation." See also: demurrer special appearance :: n. the representation by an attorney of a person i ... anged. See also: general appearance special prosecutor :: n. an attorney from outside of the government sele ... Robert Bork finally discharged Cox. standing :: n. the right to file a lawsuit or file a petition ... so: actual controversy jurisdiction status conference :: n. a pre-trial meeting of attorneys before a judge ... g a trial date. See also: discovery statute of limitations :: n. a law which sets the maximum period which one c ... ies. See also: demurrer laches toll subpena :: (subpoena): (suh-pea-nah) n. an order of the court ... ubpena duces tecum subpoena witness subpena duces tecum :: : (suh-pea-nah dooh-chess-take-uhm or dooh-kess-ta ... ng a court order. See also: witness substitution of attorney :: n. a document in which the party to a lawsuit stat ... t any time. See also: substitute in summary adjudication of issues :: n. a court order ruling that certain factual issue ... is made. See also: summary judgment summary judgment :: n. a court order ruling that no factual issues rem ... tion summary adjudication of issues summons :: n. a document issued by the court at the time a la ... use service service of process writ supremacy clause :: n. Article VI, section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, ... f involving a constitutional issue. sustain :: v. in trial practice, for a judge to agree that an ... /she will "overrule" the objection. testify :: v. to give oral evidence under oath in answer to q ... deposition evidence testimony trial testimony :: n. oral evidence given under oath by a witness in ... tion evidence testify trial witness timely :: adj. within the time required by statute, court ru ... ed on the 61st day is not "timely." toll :: v. 1) to delay, suspend or hold off the effect of ... bridge or take passage on a ferry. transcript :: n. the written record of all proceedings, includin ... unless transcription is requested. trial :: n. the examination of facts and law presided over ... at a hearing held at a later time. unconstitutional :: adj. referring to a statute, governmental conduct, ... ee also: constitution Supreme Court venue :: n. 1) the proper or most convenient location for t ... ion. See also: forum non conveniens vexatious litigation :: n. filing a lawsuit with the knowledge that it has ... lous malicious prosecution sanction voir dire :: (vwahr [with a near-silent "r"] deer) n. from Fren ... t witness jury peremptory challenge warrant :: 1) n. an order (writ) of a court which directs a l ... e search and seizure search warrant will :: n. a written document which leaves the estate of t ... will and testament probate testator witness :: 1) n. a person who testifies under oath in a trial ... lso: deposition evidence trial will witness stand :: n. a chair at the end of the judge's bench on the ... estimony clearly. See also: witness World Court :: n. the Court of International Justice, founded by ... rd and to be bound by the decision. wrongful death :: n. the death of a human being as the result of a w ... ual beneficiaries (family members). Popular Law Searcheslegal definition ministerial act :: n. an act, particularly of a governmental employee ... exercising any individual judgment.chancery legal definition :: n. a court that can order acts performed. Today ch ... ts in most states. See also: equity testamentary disposition legal definition :: n. how the terms of a will divide the testator's ( ... named beneficiaries. See also: will contract of sufferance :: n. a "hold-over" tenancy after a lease has expired ... y tenancy at will unlawful detainer forthwith legal definition :: adv. a term found in contracts, court orders and s ... mediacy, with no excuses for delay. forthwith definition legal :: adv. a term found in contracts, court orders and s ... mediacy, with no excuses for delay. what is to wit in a legal contract :: prep. that is to say. Example: "the passengers in ... tty Bumgartner and Sherry Younger." mirror wills legal definition :: n. the wills of a husband and wife which are ident ... d each names the other as executor. clean hands doctrine latin :: n. a rule of law that a person coming to court wit ... ices. See also: affirmative defense sine qua non only relates to contract law :: (see-nay kwah nahn) prep. Latin for "without which ... qua non of the injury to Playmate. Other Law Terms - Ssaid :: adj. a reference back to a thing that was previous ... automobile in a negligent manner."sale :: n. transfer of something (and title to it) in retu ... contract forced sale sheriff's sale salvage :: 1) v. to save goods. 2) n. payment to a person or ... which saves cargo from a shipwreck. sanction :: n. 1) a financial penalty imposed by a judge on a ... ction." See also: contempt of court satisfaction :: n. receiving payment or performance of what is due ... n contract satisfaction of judgment satisfaction of judgment :: n. a document signed by a judgment creditor (the p ... ord. See also: abstract of judgment satisfaction of mortgage :: n. a document signed by a lender acknowledging tha ... id off the debt. See also: mortgage save harmless :: v. 1) also called hold harmless, to indemnify (pro ... . See also: hold harmless indemnify savings and loan :: n. a banking and lending institution, chartered ei ... vings into the home finance market. scienter :: n. Latin for "having knowledge." In criminal law, ... ents were lies and thus fraudulent. scintilla :: n. Latin for "spark." Scintilla is commonly used i ... ark) upon which to base a judgment. scope of employment :: n. actions of an employee which further the busine ... ter and servant respondeat superior scrivener :: n. a person who writes a document for another, usu ... r practicing law without a license. seal :: n. a device which creates an impression upon paper ... e "sealed," but that is rare today. sealed verdict :: n. the decision of a jury when there is a delay in ... reconvenes. See also: jury verdict sealing of records :: n. trial records and decisions which a judge order ... eep the terms from public scrutiny. search :: v. 1) to examine another's premises (including a v ... e search and seizure search warrant search and seizure :: n. examination of a person's premises (residence, ... robable cause search search warrant search warrant :: n. a written order by a judge which permits a law ... ble cause search search and seizure second degree murder :: n. a non-premeditated killing, resulting from an a ... t degree murder manslaughter murder |