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Dictionary of Law |
Founded: 357 hearing :: n. any proceeding before a judge or other magistra ... e hearing preliminary hearing trial rehearing :: n. conducting a hearing again based on the motion ... the judge or agency was just wrong. trial :: n. the examination of facts and law presided over ... at a hearing held at a later time. Administrative Procedure Act :: n. the federal act which established the rules and ... strative hearing administrative law administrative law :: n. the procedures created by administrative agenci ... judge Administrative Procedure Act administrative law judge :: n. a professional hearing officer who works for th ... higher pay in being called "judge." police court :: n. in some states a type of municipal court which ... municipal court preliminary hearing magistrate :: n. 1) a generic term for any judge of a court, or ... ce of the peace preliminary hearing examination :: n. 1) the questioning of a witness by an attorney. ... irect examination testimony witness Grand Jury :: n. a jury in each county or federal court district ... arge indictment preliminary hearing plea :: n. 1) in criminal law, the response by an accused ... raignment plead preliminary hearing trier of fact :: n. the judge or jury responsible for deciding fact ... r referee may be the trier of fact. judge :: 1) n. an official with the authority and responsib ... ice justice of the peace magistrate information :: n. an accusation or criminal charge brought by the ... Jury indictment preliminary hearing criminal calendar :: n. the list of criminal cases to be called in cour ... e plea preliminary hearing sentence remand :: v. to send back. An appeals court may remand a cas ... ee also: appeal preliminary hearing indictment :: n. a charge of a felony (serious crime) voted by a ... ictable offense preliminary hearing jurisdiction :: n. the authority given by law to a court to try ca ... Superior Court Supreme Court venue procedure :: n. the methods and mechanics of the legal process. ... cases are tried and judgments made. record :: 1) v. (ree-cored) to put a document into the offic ... eeding race to the courthouse trial proceeding :: n. any legal filing, hearing, trial and/or judgmen ... edings," as in "legal proceedings." plenary :: adj. full, complete, covering all matters, usually ... ring to an order, hearing or trial. minutes :: n. 1) the written record of meetings, particularly ... court reporter if recorded at all. judicial proceedings :: n. any action by a judge re: trials, hearings, pet ... efore the court. See also: judicial intervention :: n. the procedure under which a third party may joi ... rvene joinder multiplicity of suits mandamus :: (man-dame-us) n. Latin for "we order," a writ (mor ... mandamus. See also: writ of mandate remedy :: n. the means to achieve justice in any matter in w ... gment provisional remedy settlement municipal court :: n. a lower court which usually tries criminal misd ... nd/or small claims. See also: court motion :: n. a formal request made to a judge for an order o ... g, an oral motion may be permitted. open court :: n. the conduct of judicial proceedings (trials, he ... which are usually held in chambers. shortening time :: n. an order of the court in response to the motion ... e notice is served within 24 hours. trial court :: n. the court which holds the original trial, as di ... a court of appeals. See also: trial trial de novo :: n. a form of appeal in which the appeals court hol ... from small claims court judgments. preliminary injunction :: n. a court order made in the early stages of a law ... ent injunction temporary injunction jury trial :: n. a trial of a lawsuit or criminal prosecution in ... the final judgment. See also: jury mistrial :: n. the termination of a trial before its normal co ... from the beginning. See also: trial motion for a new trial :: n. a request made by the loser for the case to be ... hstanding the verdict motion N.O.V. court trial :: ("non-jury trial"): a trial with a judge but no ju ... : a trial with a judge but no jury. retrial :: n. a new trial granted upon the motion of the losi ... al or reversed by an appeals court. brought to trial :: v. the act of actually beginning a trial, usually ... y or beginning opening statements). speedy trial :: n. in criminal prosecutions, the right of a defend ... hurt by the waiver. See also: trial waive :: v. to voluntarily give up something, including not ... the other state). See also: waiver voir dire :: (vwahr [with a near-silent "r"] deer) n. from Fren ... t witness jury peremptory challenge interim order :: n. a temporary order of the court pending a hearin ... erlocutory decree restraining order severance :: n. 1) a separating by court order, such as separat ... le a potential claim for discharge. settlement :: n. the resolution of a lawsuit (or of a legal disp ... ult in settlement. See also: settle setting :: n. the action of a court, clerk or commissioner in ... g a trial or hearing. See also: set special appearance :: n. the representation by an attorney of a person i ... anged. See also: general appearance star chamber proceedings :: n. any judicial or quasi-judicial action, trial or ... ate 1960s. See also: kangaroo court transcript :: n. the written record of all proceedings, includin ... unless transcription is requested. temporary injunction :: n. a court order prohibiting an action by a party ... ry injunction. See also: injunction Tax Court :: n. a federal agency with courts in major cities wh ... Appeals. See also: court income tax submitted :: n. the conclusion of all evidence and argument in ... , no further argument is permitted. sequester :: v. to keep separate or apart. In so-called "high-p ... of others. See also: sequestration review :: n. the judicial consideration of a lower court jud ... ate court reversal reversible error bifurcate :: v. the order or ruling of a judge that one issue i ... is necessary. See also: bifurcation error :: n. a mistake by a judge in procedure or in substan ... or. See also: harmless error remand conclusion :: n. 1) in general, the end. 2) in a trial, when all ... onclusion of fact conclusion of law court calendar :: n. the list of matters to be heard or set for tria ... ring by a court. See also: calendar bifurcation :: n. the act of a judge in dividing issues before a ... on the other issue. (See bifurcate calendar call :: n. the hearing at which a case is set for trial. ... g at which a case is set for trial. case law :: n. reported decisions of appeals courts and other ... es. See also: case system precedent documentary evidence :: n. any document (paper) which is presented and all ... evancy. See also: document evidence enjoin :: v. for a court to order that someone either do a s ... so: injunction temporary injunction attachment :: n. the seizing of money or property prior to getti ... bond. See also: writ of attachment hearsay rule :: n. the basic rule that testimony or documents whic ... interest dying declaration hearsay Workers' Compensation Acts :: n. state statutes which establish liability of emp ... rs' compensation insurance company. incompetent :: adj. 1) referring to a person who is not able to m ... n incompetency incompetent evidence injunctive relief :: n. a court-ordered act or prohibition against an a ... t injunction restraining order writ regulations :: n. rules and administrative codes issued by govern ... es usually have similar procedures. perjury :: n. the crime of intentionally lying after being du ... ly made a mistake or misunderstood. continuance :: n. a postponement of a date of a trial, hearing or ... continuances to discourage delays. consent decree :: n. an order of a judge based upon an agreement, al ... he same. See also: consent judgment conclusion of law :: n. a judge's final decision on a question of law w ... aw if requested. See also: judgment insanity :: n. mental illness of such a severe nature that a p ... M'Naughten rule temporary insanity speaking demurrer :: n. an attempt to introduce evidence during a heari ... the operation." See also: demurrer sidebar :: n. 1) physically, an area in front of or next to t ... See also: approach the bench bench special :: adj. referring to a particular purpose, person or ... rator, master, orders and so forth. claim against an estate :: n. upon the death of a person and beginning of pro ... ade to the heirs. See also: probate bankruptcy proceedings :: n. the bankruptcy procedure is: a) filing a petiti ... ankruptcy court claim in bankruptcy pretrial discovery :: n. See also: discovery ... n. See also: discovery adoption :: n. the taking of a child into one's family, creati ... the child are met. See also: adopt ad litem :: adj. legal Latin meaning "for the purposes of the ... of age. See also: guardian ad litem arraignment :: n. the hearing in which a person charged with a cr ... re taken care of. See also: arraign roadside test :: n. a preliminary test law enforcement officers use ... g while intoxicated Miranda warning conservator :: n. a guardian and protector appointed by a judge t ... ies. See also: conservatee guardian back-to-back life sentences :: n. slang for consecutive life terms imposed by a j ... ther 25 years for a parole hearing. warrant :: 1) n. an order (writ) of a court which directs a l ... e search and seizure search warrant chambers :: n. the private office of a judge, usually close to ... s." See also: in camera in chambers taking the Fifth :: n. the refusal to testify on the ground that the t ... ifth." See also: self-incrimination incompetency :: n. the condition of lacking the ability to handle ... and/or represented by an attorney. habeas corpus :: (hay-bee-us core-puss) n. Latin for "you have the ... nality of a state court conviction. pleading :: n. 1) every legal document filed in a lawsuit, pet ... nswer complaint demurrer plea plead ex parte :: (ex par-tay, but popularly, ex party) adj. Latin m ... and place of any ex parte hearing. peremptory writ of mandate :: (or mandamus) n. a final order of a court to any g ... ve writ. See also: mandamus mandate peremptory :: adj. absolute, final and not entitled to delay or ... allenges or a date set for hearing. in camera :: adj. or adv. phrase. Latin for "in chambers." This ... he courtroom. See also: in chambers impaneling :: n. the act of selecting a jury from the list of po ... e juror jury panel venire voir dire notice :: n. 1) information, usually in writing in all legal ... Thirty-day notice three-day notice in chambers :: adj. referring to discussions or hearings held in ... ed "in camera." See also: in camera injunction :: n. a writ (order) issued by a court ordering someo ... t. See also: injunctive relief writ presiding judge :: n. 1) in both state and federal appeals court, the ... and chairs meetings of the judges. court costs :: n. fees for expenses that the courts pass on to at ... ee also: cost bill prevailing party restraining order :: n. a temporary order of a court to keep conditions ... so: injunction permanent injunction inquest :: n. 1) an investigation and/or a hearing held by th ... surrogate judge. See also: coroner sanction :: n. 1) a financial penalty imposed by a judge on a ... ction." See also: contempt of court default judgment :: n. if a defendant in a lawsuit fails to respond to ... See also: complaint default summons demurrer :: n. (dee-muhr-ur) a written response to a complaint ... demurrer. See also: motion pleading probate :: 1) n. the process of proving a will is valid and t ... e also: administrator executor will quasi-criminal :: adj. a reference to a court's right to punish for ... defendant. See also: criminal quasi joinder :: n. the joining together of several lawsuits or sev ... er misjoinder multiplicity of suits quasi-judicial :: adj., adv. referring to the actions of an agency, ... -judicial. See also: judicial quasi coroner :: n. a county official with the responsibility to de ... hology. See also: forensic medicine administrative hearing :: n. a hearing before any governmental agency or bef ... ee also: administrative law hearing preliminary hearing :: n. in criminal law, a hearing to determine if a pe ... nment charge Grand Jury information no fault insurance :: n: a type of automobile insurance required of car ... ling lawsuits. See also: negligence O.R. :: n. short for "own recognizance," meaning the judge ... "OR-ed." See also: own recognizance oath :: n. 1) a swearing to tell the truth, the whole trut ... ountry. See also: affidavit perjury object :: 1) v. to ask the court not to allow a particular q ... he contract..." See also: objection objection :: n. a lawyer's protest about the legal propriety of ... ng question object overrule sustain not guilty by reason of insanity :: n. plea in court of a person charged with a crime ... fense not guilty temporary insanity not guilty :: n. 1) plea of a person who claims not to have comm ... t guilty by reason of insanity plea non-conforming use :: n. the existing use (residential, commercial, agri ... eneral plan grandfathered in zoning nolle prosequi :: (no-lay pro-say-kwee) n. Latin for "we shall no lo ... nocent and declared nolle prosequi. prayer :: n. the specific request for judgment, relief and/o ... ee also: complaint default judgment non-suit :: n. a ruling by the judge in a lawsuit either when ... the defendant. See also: dismissal jury fees :: n. the rather minimal amount paid each day to juro ... ees as a court cost. See also: jury offer of proof :: n. an explanation made by an attorney to a judge d ... rial irrelevant objection testimony on the stand :: prep. testifying during a trial, in which the witn ... troom and behind a knee-high panel. peremptory challenge :: n. the right of the plaintiff and the defendant in ... challenge for cause jury voir dire people :: n. the designation for the prosecuting government ... secutions, United States v. Miller. plea bargain :: n. in criminal procedure, a negotiation between th ... the ban. See also: cop a plea plea plain error :: n. a mistake by the trial court found by a court o ... ire reversal of the trial decision. piracy :: n. the crime of robbery of ships or boats on the o ... here the accused has been captured. partial verdict :: n. in a criminal trial, the result when the jury f ... re other charges. See also: verdict pardon :: 1) v. to use the executive power of a Governor or ... also: amnesty commutation reprieve opinion :: n. the explanation of a court's judgment. When a t ... which the author is not specified. opening statement :: n. the explanation by the attorneys for both sides ... rgument. See also: closing argument original jurisdiction :: n. the authority of a court to hold a trial, as di ... l judgments. See also: jurisdiction overrule :: v. 1) to reject an attorney's objection to a quest ... : appellate court objection sustain own recognizance :: (O.R.) n. the basis for a judge allowing a person ... n recognizance. See also: bail O.R. physician-patient privilege :: n. the right and obligation of a physician to refu ... onfidential communication privilege juvenile court :: n. a special court or department of a trial court ... See also: court juvenile delinquent long cause :: n. a lawsuit in which it is estimated that a trial ... dar call court calendar short cause lie detector test :: n. a popular name for a polygraph which tests the ... be referred to. See also: polygraph lower court :: n. 1) any court of lesser rank, such as municipal ... ruled Defendant had no basis for:." malpractice :: n. An act or continuing conduct of a professional ... eed. See also: errors and omissions marked for identification :: adj. documents or objects presented during a trial ... exhibit lay a foundation objection mandate :: n. 1) any mandatory order or requirement under sta ... See also: mandamus writ of mandate leading the witness :: n. asking a question during a trial or deposition ... n hostile witness leading objection leading question :: n. a question asked of a witness by an attorney du ... e also: cross-examination objection jury stress :: n. a form of mental, emotional, psychological, phy ... do the right thing. See also: jury preponderance of the evidence :: n. the greater weight of the evidence required in ... what subjective. See also: evidence just compensation :: n. 1) in general a fair and reasonable amount of m ... ation make one whole quantum meruit justice of the peace :: (JP) n. a judge who handles minor legal matters su ... ersons to qualify by taking a test. leading :: 1) v. short for "leading the witness," in which th ... tness leading the witness objection martial law :: n. a system of complete control by a country's mil ... n and women. See also: military law material witness :: n. a person who apparently has information about t ... e. See also: material trial witness motion to strike :: n. a request for a judge's order to eliminate all ... be unrung." See also: motion strike motion in limine :: (lim-in-nay) n. Latin for "threshold," a motion ma ... o: in limine Miranda warning motion motion to suppress :: n. a motion (usually on behalf of a criminal defen ... eshold." See also: motion in limine motive :: n. in criminal investigation the probable reason a ... is not necessary to prove a crime. multiplicity of suits :: n. several actual or potential lawsuits which shou ... e can order the cases consolidated. motion for a summary judgment :: n. a written request for a judgment in the moving ... strict procedures. See also: motion jury panel :: n. the list from which jurors for a particular tri ... may be chosen. See also: juror jury McNabb-Mallory rule :: n. a federal rule of evidence in criminal trials t ... present. See also: Miranda warning matter of record :: n. anything, including testimony, evidence, ruling ... cussions not written down or taped. Miranda warning :: n. the requirement, also called the Miranda rule, ... me such a suspect? See also: rights M'Naughten rule :: n. a traditional "right and wrong" test of legal i ... temporary insanity Twinkie defense moral certainty :: n. in a criminal trial, the reasonable belief (but ... : beyond a reasonable doubt verdict nisi prius :: : (nee-see pree-us) adj. Latin for "unless first," ... : original jurisdiction trial court ultimate fact :: n. in a trial, a conclusion of fact which is logic ... is not evidence. See also: evidence summation :: n. the final argument of an attorney at the close ... 's case. See also: closing argument summary judgment :: n. a court order ruling that no factual issues rem ... tion summary adjudication of issues Superior Court :: n. the name used in 16 states for the basic county ... county trial court. See also: court suppression of evidence :: n. 1) a judge's determination not to allow evidenc ... the prosecutor. See also: evidence sustain :: v. in trial practice, for a judge to agree that an ... /she will "overrule" the objection. Supreme Court :: n. 1) the highest court in the United States, whic ... rt in other states. See also: court summary adjudication of issues :: n. a court order ruling that certain factual issue ... is made. See also: summary judgment subpena :: (subpoena): (suh-pea-nah) n. an order of the court ... ubpena duces tecum subpoena witness small claims court :: n. a division of most municipal, city or other low ... od example of a small claims court. short cause :: n. a lawsuit which is estimated by the parties (us ... l be reset later as a "long cause." solicitor :: n. an English attorney who may perform all legal s ... s or barristers. See also: attorney Solicitor General :: n. the chief trial attorney in the federal Departm ... Attorney General in the Department. status conference :: n. a pre-trial meeting of attorneys before a judge ... g a trial date. See also: discovery stare decisis :: : (stah-ree duh-sigh-sis) n. Latin for "to stand b ... pellate court lower court precedent tainted evidence :: n. in a criminal trial, information which has been ... e search and seizure search warrant temporary insanity :: n. in a criminal prosecution, a defense by the acc ... diminished capacity insanity intent will contest :: n. a lawsuit challenging the validity of a will an ... so: in terrorem clause probate will vigilante :: n. someone who takes the law into his/her own hand ... lester of her child is a vigilante. witness :: 1) n. a person who testifies under oath in a trial ... lso: deposition evidence trial will work product :: n. the writings, notes, memoranda, reports on conv ... ies to be employed by the attorney. zoning :: n. a system of developing a city or county plan in ... овской гарантии . |