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Dictionary of Law |
court-martial :: legal definitionCourt-martial - 1) n. a military court for trying offenses in violation of army, navy or other armed service rules and regulations, made up of military officers, who act as both finders of fact (in effect, a jury) and as arbiters (judges) of the law applying to the case. A general court-martial is conducted by a military legal officer (Judge Advocate) and at least five officers for major offenses, including those requiring the death penalty. A special court-martial is generally for lesser offenses and is conducted by three officers, who may order dismissal, hard labor or lengthy confinement. Minor offenses are conducted by a single officer in a summary court-martial. 2) v. to charge a member of the military with an offense against military law or to find him/her guilty of such a violation. A court-martial conviction can be appealed to the U.S. Court of Military Appeals. Related Law Termsabuse of discretion :: n. a polite way of saying a trial judge has made s ... partner's realistic ability to pay.advisory opinion :: n. an opinion stated by a judge or a court upon th ... o: actual controversy friendly suit answer :: n. in law, a written pleading filed by a defendant ... emurrer general denial verification appearance :: n. the act of a party or an attorney showing up in ... neral appearance special appearance arbitration :: n. a mini-trial, which may be for a lawsuit ready ... tance of the arbitrator's decision. arbitrator :: n. one who conducts an arbitration, and serves as ... he other two. See also: arbitration arrest :: v. 1) to take or hold a suspected criminal with le ... anda warning probable cause warrant attorney :: n. 1) an agent or someone authorized to act for an ... ialize. See also: court reciprocity Attorney General :: n. in each state and the federal government the hi ... izenry. See also: Solicitor General bankruptcy :: n. a federal system of statutes and courts which p ... y proceedings trustee in bankruptcy bar examination :: n. the examination given in each state by either t ... n that district. See also: attorney bifurcate :: v. the order or ruling of a judge that one issue i ... is necessary. See also: bifurcation brief :: 1) n. a written legal argument, usually in a forma ... another person. See also: precedent case law :: n. reported decisions of appeals courts and other ... es. See also: case system precedent circuit courts :: n. a movable court in which the judge holds court ... alled the Circuit Courts of Appeal. clerk :: n. 1) an official or employee who handles the busi ... stocking shelves, or counter sales. conclusion of law :: n. a judge's final decision on a question of law w ... aw if requested. See also: judgment conflict of law :: n. a situation in which both state and federal law ... y arose. See also: forum preemption constable :: n. a law officer for a particular area such as a r ... ice of the Peace. See also: sheriff contempt of court :: n. there are essentially two types of contempt: a) ... roduce evidence. See also: sanction corporation :: n. an organization formed with state governmental ... ation public corporation securities court :: n. 1) the judge, as in "The court rules in favor o ... cost and wait of full court trials. court of equity :: n. originally in English common law and in several ... also: chancery court of law equity court of law :: n. any tribunal within a judicial system. Under En ... aw. See also: chancery court equity demurrer :: n. (dee-muhr-ur) a written response to a complaint ... demurrer. See also: motion pleading ejusdem generis :: (eh-youse-dem generous) v adj. Latin for "of the s ... t was of land-based transportation. equal protection of the law :: n. the right of all persons to have the same acces ... laws." See also: due process of law equity :: n. 1) a venerable group of rights and procedures t ... ry enjoin equitable injunction writ error :: n. a mistake by a judge in procedure or in substan ... or. See also: harmless error remand examination :: n. 1) the questioning of a witness by an attorney. ... irect examination testimony witness final settlement :: n. an agreement reached by the parties to a lawsui ... rneys present. See also: settlement finding :: n. the determination of a factual question vital ( ... e case. See also: conclusion of law fresh pursuit :: n. immediate chase of a suspected criminal by a la ... hot pursuit. See also: hot pursuit frisk :: v. quickly patting down the clothes of a possible ... k women and men officers frisk men. general appearance :: n. an attorney's representation of a client in cou ... case. See also: special appearance Grand Jury :: n. a jury in each county or federal court district ... arge indictment preliminary hearing guardian :: n. a person who has been appointed by a judge to t ... torship. See also: conservator ward habeas corpus :: (hay-bee-us core-puss) n. Latin for "you have the ... nality of a state court conviction. hearsay rule :: n. the basic rule that testimony or documents whic ... interest dying declaration hearsay incorporate :: v. 1) to obtain an official charter or articles of ... te by reference incorporation stock indictment :: n. a charge of a felony (serious crime) voted by a ... ictable offense preliminary hearing information :: n. an accusation or criminal charge brought by the ... Jury indictment preliminary hearing injunction :: n. a writ (order) issued by a court ordering someo ... t. See also: injunctive relief writ international law :: n. treaties between countries; multi-lateral agree ... all nations. See also: World Court judge :: 1) n. an official with the authority and responsib ... ice justice of the peace magistrate judge advocate :: n. a military officer with legal training who has ... ourt-martial judge advocate general judge advocate general :: (J.A.G.) n. a military officer who advises the gov ... also: court-martial judge advocate justice :: n. 1) fairness. 2) moral rightness. 3) a scheme or ... e appellate courts. See also: court law :: n. 1) any system of regulations to govern the cond ... um maritime law natural law statute limited partnership :: n. a special type of partnership which is very com ... mited liability partner partnership lineup :: n. a law enforcement method used in an attempt to ... entification is precarious at best. magistrate :: n. 1) a generic term for any judge of a court, or ... ce of the peace preliminary hearing marshal :: 1) n. a federal court official who may serve paper ... tablish priorities among creditors. martial law :: n. a system of complete control by a country's mil ... n and women. See also: military law moot court :: n. law school exercise in which students argue bot ... fferent law schools. See also: moot no fault insurance :: n: a type of automobile insurance required of car ... ling lawsuits. See also: negligence non-profit corporation :: n. an organization incorporated under state laws a ... harity corporation cy pres doctrine not guilty by reason of insanity :: n. plea in court of a person charged with a crime ... fense not guilty temporary insanity of counsel :: adj. reference to an attorney who is not actively ... quiring his/her full-time presence. officer of the court :: n. any person who has an obligation to promote jus ... also: attorney bailiff clerk judge opinion :: n. the explanation of a court's judgment. When a t ... which the author is not specified. order :: 1) n. every direction or mandate of a judge or a c ... defendant. See also: judge judgment overrule :: v. 1) to reject an attorney's objection to a quest ... : appellate court objection sustain plea :: n. 1) in criminal law, the response by an accused ... raignment plead preliminary hearing preliminary hearing :: n. in criminal law, a hearing to determine if a pe ... nment charge Grand Jury information presiding judge :: n. 1) in both state and federal appeals court, the ... and chairs meetings of the judges. procedure :: n. the methods and mechanics of the legal process. ... cases are tried and judgments made. prospectus :: n. a detailed statement by a corporation required ... rporation limited partnership stock question of fact :: n. in a lawsuit or criminal prosecution, an issue ... also: finding judge question of law question of law :: n. an issue arising in a lawsuit or criminal prose ... udge question of fact trier of fact record :: 1) v. (ree-cored) to put a document into the offic ... eeding race to the courthouse trial regulations :: n. rules and administrative codes issued by govern ... es usually have similar procedures. remand :: v. to send back. An appeals court may remand a cas ... ee also: appeal preliminary hearing retroactive :: adj. referring to a court's decision or a statute ... ospective." See also: ex post facto ripe :: adj. in constitutional law, referring to a law cas ... or more issues raised by the case. rogatory letters :: n. a written request by a judge to a judge in anot ... also: deposition testimony witness sanction :: n. 1) a financial penalty imposed by a judge on a ... ction." See also: contempt of court search warrant :: n. a written order by a judge which permits a law ... ble cause search search and seizure sentence :: 1) n. the punishment given to a person convicted o ... ence restitution suspended sentence sheriff :: n. the top law enforcement officer for a county, u ... ." See also: bailiff sheriff's sale special appearance :: n. the representation by an attorney of a person i ... anged. See also: general appearance supremacy clause :: n. Article VI, section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, ... f involving a constitutional issue. trial :: n. the examination of facts and law presided over ... at a hearing held at a later time. warrant :: 1) n. an order (writ) of a court which directs a l ... e search and seizure search warrant Popular Law Searcheslegal definition ministerial act :: n. an act, particularly of a governmental employee ... exercising any individual judgment.chancery legal definition :: n. a court that can order acts performed. Today ch ... ts in most states. See also: equity testamentary disposition legal definition :: n. how the terms of a will divide the testator's ( ... named beneficiaries. See also: will contract of sufferance :: n. a "hold-over" tenancy after a lease has expired ... y tenancy at will unlawful detainer forthwith legal definition :: adv. a term found in contracts, court orders and s ... mediacy, with no excuses for delay. forthwith definition legal :: adv. a term found in contracts, court orders and s ... mediacy, with no excuses for delay. what is to wit in a legal contract :: prep. that is to say. Example: "the passengers in ... tty Bumgartner and Sherry Younger." mirror wills legal definition :: n. the wills of a husband and wife which are ident ... d each names the other as executor. clean hands doctrine latin :: n. a rule of law that a person coming to court wit ... ices. See also: affirmative defense sine qua non only relates to contract law :: (see-nay kwah nahn) prep. Latin for "without which ... qua non of the injury to Playmate. Other Law Terms - CC.I.F. :: n. the total of cost, insurance and freight charge ... aid on goods purchased and shipped.calendar :: 1) n. the list of cases to be called for trial bef ... clerk of the court calendars cases. calendar call :: n. the hearing at which a case is set for trial. ... g at which a case is set for trial. call :: n. the demand by a corporation that a stockholder ... assessment on shares already owned. calumny :: n. the intentional and generally vicious false acc ... 's reputation. See also: defamation cancel :: v. to cross out, annul, destroy, void and/or resci ... g, so that it cannot be used again. cancellation :: cancel ... cancel caning :: n. a punishment for crimes employed in certain Asi ... last century in the United States. canon law :: n. laws and regulations over ecclesiastical (churc ... nduct with no religious connection. cap :: n. slang for maximum, as the most interest that ca ... "adjustable rate" promissory note. capital :: 1) n. from Latin for caput, meaning "head," the ba ... count capital assets stock in trade capital account :: n. the record which lists all basic assets of a bu ... or the alleged value of good will. capital assets :: n. equipment, property, and funds owned by a busin ... . See also: capital capital account capital expenditure :: n. payment by a business for basic assets such as ... y intended to improve productivity. capital gains :: n. the difference between the sales price and the ... so: basis delayed exchange exchange capital investment :: capital expenditure ... capital expenditure capital offense :: n. any criminal charge which is punishable by the ... . See also: bail capital punishment capital punishment :: n. execution (death) for a capital offense. The U. ... or death. See also: capital offense capital stock :: n. the original amount paid by investors into a co ... price. See also: corporation stock capitalization :: n. 1) the act of counting anticipated earnings and ... for conversion into capital assets. |