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Dictionary of Law |
sentence :: legal definitionSentence - 1) n. the punishment given to a person convicted of a crime. A sentence is ordered by the judge, based on the verdict of the jury (or the judge's decision if there is no jury) within the possible punishments set by state law (or federal law in convictions for a federal crime). Popularly, "sentence" refers to the jail or prison time ordered after conviction, as in "his sentence was 10 years in state prison." Technically, a sentence includes all fines, community service, restitution or other punishment, or terms of probation. Defendants who are first offenders without a felony record may be entitled to a probation or pre-sentence report by a probation officer based on background information and circumstances of the crime, often resulting in a recommendation as to probation and amount of punishment. For misdemeanors (lesser crimes) the maximum sentence is usually one year in county jail, but for felonies (major crimes) the sentence can range from a year to the death penalty for murder in most states. Under some circumstances the defendant may receive a "suspended sentence," which means the punishment is not imposed if the defendant does not get into other trouble for the period he/she would have spent in jail or prison; "concurrent sentences," in which the prison time for more than one crime is served at the same time and only lasts as long as the longest term; "consecutive sentences," in which the terms for several crimes are served one after another; and "indeterminate" sentences, in which the actual release date is not set and will be based on review of prison conduct. 2) v. to impose a punishment on a person convicted of a crime. See also: capital punishment indeterminate sentence restitution suspended sentence and Related Law Terms ↓ Related Law Termsabduction :: n. the criminal taking away of a person by persuas ... g of children. See also: kidnappingabuse of discretion :: n. a polite way of saying a trial judge has made s ... partner's realistic ability to pay. account stated :: n. a statement between a creditor or the person to ... ending on the state. See also: debt acknowledgment :: n. the section at the end of a document where a no ... me leases and various other papers. acquit :: v. what a jury or judge sitting without a jury doe ... ndant not guilty. See also: verdict administrative law :: n. the procedures created by administrative agenci ... judge Administrative Procedure Act administrator :: n. the person appointed by the court to handle the ... e also: administer executor probate admissible evidence :: n. evidence which the trial judge finds is useful ... olving violence. See also: evidence admission to bail :: n. an order of a court in a criminal case allowing ... lient. See also: bail bail bondsman adoption :: n. the taking of a child into one's family, creati ... the child are met. See also: adopt adverse possession :: n. a means to acquire title to land through obviou ... o: possession prescriptive easement advisory opinion :: n. an opinion stated by a judge or a court upon th ... o: actual controversy friendly suit alimony :: n. support paid by one ex-spouse to the other as o ... ild support divorce spousal support answer :: n. in law, a written pleading filed by a defendant ... emurrer general denial verification antitrust laws :: n. acts adopted by Congress to outlaw or restrict ... so: price fixing restraint of trade appeal :: 1) v. to ask a higher court to reverse the decisio ... ng, as in "he has filed an appeal." approach the bench :: v. an attorney's movement from the counsel table t ... ake a recess to go to the restroom. arbitrator :: n. one who conducts an arbitration, and serves as ... he other two. See also: arbitration arrest :: v. 1) to take or hold a suspected criminal with le ... anda warning probable cause warrant articles of incorporation :: n. the basic charter of a corporation which spells ... year's taxes. See also: corporation attempt :: v. and n. to actually try to commit a crime and ha ... felt he tried but did not succeed. attorney :: n. 1) an agent or someone authorized to act for an ... ialize. See also: court reciprocity Attorney General :: n. in each state and the federal government the hi ... izenry. See also: Solicitor General Bachelor of Laws :: n. the degree in law from a law school, abbreviate ... troactively. See also: Juris Doctor back-to-back life sentences :: n. slang for consecutive life terms imposed by a j ... ther 25 years for a parole hearing. bail :: 1) n. the money or bond put up to secure the relea ... bond bail bondsman own recognizance bailiff :: n. 1) a court official, usually a deputy sheriff, ... isdictional territory of a bailiff. bank :: n. 1) an officially chartered institution empowere ... erred to as "in bank" or "en banc." bankruptcy :: n. a federal system of statutes and courts which p ... y proceedings trustee in bankruptcy bar examination :: n. the examination given in each state by either t ... n that district. See also: attorney Bill of Rights :: n. the first ten amendments to the federal Constit ... ved to the states or to the people. brief :: 1) n. a written legal argument, usually in a forma ... another person. See also: precedent caning :: n. a punishment for crimes employed in certain Asi ... last century in the United States. canon law :: n. laws and regulations over ecclesiastical (churc ... nduct with no religious connection. capital offense :: n. any criminal charge which is punishable by the ... . See also: bail capital punishment challenge :: n. the right of each attorney in a jury trial to r ... ess. See also: peremptory challenge challenge for cause :: n. a request that a prospective juror be dismissed ... remptory challenge venire voir dire chattel mortgage :: n. an outmoded written document which made a chatt ... ed by the property. See also: UCC-1 civil :: adj. 1) that part of the law that encompasses busi ... also: civil liberties civil rights civil law :: n. 1) a body of laws and legal concepts which come ... generic term for non-criminal law. civil procedure :: n. the complex and often confusing body of rules a ... l civil action civil code civil law claim against a governmental agency :: n. any time one believes he/she has a right to pay ... orter than other types of lawsuits. claim against an estate :: n. upon the death of a person and beginning of pro ... ade to the heirs. See also: probate clerk :: n. 1) an official or employee who handles the busi ... stocking shelves, or counter sales. codicil :: n. a written amendment to a person's will, which m ... the writer. See also: probate will comity :: n. when one court defers to the jurisdiction of an ... of cases to which comity may apply. commitment :: n. a judge's order sending someone to jail or pris ... prisoner or patient to such places. common law :: n. the traditional unwritten law of England, based ... plied without reference to statute. commutation :: n. the act of reducing a criminal sentence resulti ... See also: executive clemency pardon comparative negligence :: n. a rule of law applied in accident cases to dete ... utory negligence damages negligence complaint :: n. the first document filed with the court (actual ... g prayer service of process summons conclusion of law :: n. a judge's final decision on a question of law w ... aw if requested. See also: judgment concurrent sentences :: n. sentences for more than one crime which are to ... ith the longest period controlling. confess :: v. in criminal law, to voluntarily state that one ... Miranda warning self-incrimination conflict of law :: n. a situation in which both state and federal law ... y arose. See also: forum preemption constable :: n. a law officer for a particular area such as a r ... ice of the Peace. See also: sheriff constitution :: n. the fundamental, underlying document which esta ... ts common law constitutional rights constitutional rights :: n. rights given or reserved to the people by the U ... e also: Bill of Rights constitution consumer protection laws :: n. almost all states and the federal government ha ... rranty product liability securities contempt of court :: n. there are essentially two types of contempt: a) ... roduce evidence. See also: sanction contract :: 1) n. an agreement with specific terms between two ... n oral contract unilateral contract controlling law :: n. the laws of the state which will be relied upon ... will be that of a particular state. copyright :: 1) n. the exclusive right of the author or creator ... plagiarism public domain trademark corporation :: n. an organization formed with state governmental ... ation public corporation securities corpus juris :: n. the body of the law, meaning a compendium of al ... lanations of the law of that state. counterclaim :: n. a retaliatory claim by a defendant against a pl ... d. See also: answer cross-complaint court :: n. 1) the judge, as in "The court rules in favor o ... cost and wait of full court trials. court-martial :: 1) n. a military court for trying offenses in viol ... the U.S. Court of Military Appeals. crime against nature :: n. an oldfashioned term for sodomy (anal sexual in ... states. See also: bestiality sodomy crime of passion :: n. a defendant's excuse for committing a crime due ... dant. See also: manslaughter murder criminal :: 1) n. a popular term for anyone who has committed ... so: convict felon habitual criminal criminal calendar :: n. the list of criminal cases to be called in cour ... e plea preliminary hearing sentence cross-complaint :: n. after a complaint has been filed against a defe ... g prayer service of process summons cumulative sentence :: n. when a criminal defendant has been found guilty ... in a five-year term in the example. d.b.a. :: n. short for "doing business as," when a person or ... that is registered with the state. default judgment :: n. if a defendant in a lawsuit fails to respond to ... See also: complaint default summons demurrer :: n. (dee-muhr-ur) a written response to a complaint ... demurrer. See also: motion pleading descent :: n. the rules of inheritance established by law in ... on inheritance intestate succession directed verdict :: n. a verdict by a jury based on the specific direc ... element judgment jury trial verdict disbar :: v. to remove an attorney from the list of practici ... legal ethics. (See moral turpitude discrimination :: n. unequal treatment of persons, for a reason whic ... qual rights. See also: civil rights disinherit :: v. to intentionally take actions to guarantee that ... rorem clause pretermitted heir will diversion :: n. in criminal procedure, a system for giving a ch ... second offense. See also: probation diversity of citizenship :: n. when opposing parties in a lawsuit are citizens ... unt in controversy exceeds $10,000. divorce :: 1) n. the termination of a marriage by legal actio ... y separate property spousal support domicile :: n. the place where a person has his/her permanent ... where its headquarters is located. double jeopardy :: n. placing someone on trial a second time for an o ... that occurred thirty years earlier. ejusdem generis :: (eh-youse-dem generous) v adj. Latin for "of the s ... t was of land-based transportation. equal opportunity :: 1) n. a right supposedly guaranteed by both federa ... be so. See also: affirmative action equal protection of the law :: n. the right of all persons to have the same acces ... laws." See also: due process of law equity :: n. 1) a venerable group of rights and procedures t ... ry enjoin equitable injunction writ estate :: n. 1) all that one owns in real estate and other a ... ife estate probate real estate will ex parte :: (ex par-tay, but popularly, ex party) adj. Latin m ... and place of any ex parte hearing. ex post facto :: adj. Latin for "after the fact," which refers to l ... ted before the new law was adopted. examination :: n. 1) the questioning of a witness by an attorney. ... irect examination testimony witness excusable neglect :: n. a legitimate excuse for the failure of a party ... See also: default default judgment executive clemency :: n. the power of a President in federal criminal ca ... ernor. See also: commutation pardon extradition :: n. the surrender by one state or country of a pers ... ty. See also: fugitive from justice fact finder (finder of fact) :: n. in a trial of a lawsuit or criminal prosecution ... n facts. See also: question of fact fair comment :: n. a statement of opinion (no matter how ludicrous ... amation libel public figure slander fair trade laws :: n. state laws which permit manufacturers or produc ... state constitutions in many states. false arrest :: n. physically detaining someone without the legal ... sment. See also: false imprisonment felony :: n. 1) a crime sufficiently serious to be punishabl ... ion. See also: misdemeanor sentence fictitious defendants :: n. when a party suing (plaintiff) is not sure if h ... are not permitted in federal cases. finding :: n. the determination of a factual question vital ( ... e case. See also: conclusion of law first degree murder :: n. although it varies from state to state, it is g ... aughter murder second degree murder foreclosure :: n. the system by which a party who has loaned mone ... ced sale mortgage notice of default forum non conveniens :: (for-uhm nahn cahn-vee-nee-ehns) n. Latin for a fo ... most convenient location for trial. fugitive from justice :: n. a person convicted or accused of a crime who hi ... extradition. See also: extradition gift in contemplation of death :: n. (called a gift causa mortis by lawyers showing ... ift tax unified estate and gift tax grace period :: n. a time stated in a contract in which a late pay ... the contract, i.e. your insurance. Grand Jury :: n. a jury in each county or federal court district ... arge indictment preliminary hearing grand larceny :: n. the crime of theft of another's property (inclu ... f the loot. See also: larceny theft grandfather clause :: n. 1) a clause in a statute or zoning ordinance (p ... Such laws are now unconstitutional. guardian :: n. a person who has been appointed by a judge to t ... torship. See also: conservator ward guest statute :: n. a state law which sets standards of care by the ... sked to be let out. See also: guest habeas corpus :: (hay-bee-us core-puss) n. Latin for "you have the ... nality of a state court conviction. hearing :: n. any proceeding before a judge or other magistra ... e hearing preliminary hearing trial hearsay rule :: n. the basic rule that testimony or documents whic ... interest dying declaration hearsay impaneling :: n. the act of selecting a jury from the list of po ... e juror jury panel venire voir dire in personam :: adj. (in purr-soh-nam) from Latin for "directed to ... here. See also: in rem jurisdiction incest :: n. sexual intercourse between close blood relative ... ily genes carrying such weaknesses. incorporate :: v. 1) to obtain an official charter or articles of ... te by reference incorporation stock indeterminate sentence :: n. the prison term imposed after conviction for a ... w in the future. See also: sentence indictment :: n. a charge of a felony (serious crime) voted by a ... ictable offense preliminary hearing infancy :: n. although the popular use of the word means the ... nority. See also: ad litem minority information :: n. an accusation or criminal charge brought by the ... Jury indictment preliminary hearing injunction :: n. a writ (order) issued by a court ordering someo ... t. See also: injunctive relief writ insanity :: n. mental illness of such a severe nature that a p ... M'Naughten rule temporary insanity interlocutory decree :: n. a court judgment which is temporary and not int ... ppeared to waste the parties' time. interrogatories :: n. a set of written questions to a party to a laws ... ing. See also: deposition discovery interstate commerce :: n. commercial trade, business, movement of goods o ... and the I.C.C. may soon be history. jeopardy :: n. peril, particularly danger of being charged wit ... ar Evers. See also: double jeopardy joint and several :: adj. referring to a debt or a judgment for neglige ... ution contributory negligence joint joint custody :: n. in divorce actions, a decision by the court (of ... em. See also: child custody divorce Jones Act :: n., adj. a federal law which covers injuries to cr ... ." See also: admiralty maritime law judge :: 1) n. an official with the authority and responsib ... ice justice of the peace magistrate judgment notwithstanding the verdict :: (N.O.V.) n. reversal of a jury's verdict by the tr ... veredicto. See also: N.O.V. verdict jump bail :: v. to fail to appear for a court appearance after ... also: bail bail bond bail bondsman jurisdiction :: n. the authority given by law to a court to try ca ... Superior Court Supreme Court venue jury :: n. one of the remarkable innovations of the Englis ... hallenge sequester venire voir dire justice :: n. 1) fairness. 2) moral rightness. 3) a scheme or ... e appellate courts. See also: court juvenile court :: n. a special court or department of a trial court ... See also: court juvenile delinquent juvenile delinquent :: n. a person who is under age (usually below 18), w ... low as 14. See also: juvenile court kidnapping :: (also spelled kidnaping) n. the taking of a person ... but now applies to adults as well. law :: n. 1) any system of regulations to govern the cond ... um maritime law natural law statute law book :: n. any of numerous volumes dealing with law, inclu ... : common law law Shepardize statute leasehold :: n. the real estate which is the subject of a lease ... sehold. See also: condominium lease legal aid society :: n. an organization formed to assist persons who ha ... bar association. See also: pro bono legatee :: n. a person or organization receiving a gift of an ... eficiary devise devisee legacy will liability :: n. one of the most significant words in the field ... bility joint tortfeasors negligence libel :: 1) n. to publish in print (including pictures), wr ... libel per se public figure slander limited partnership :: n. a special type of partnership which is very com ... mited liability partner partnership lineup :: n. a law enforcement method used in an attempt to ... entification is precarious at best. living will :: n. also called "a durable power of attorney," it i ... upport. See also: power of attorney magistrate :: n. 1) a generic term for any judge of a court, or ... ce of the peace preliminary hearing malpractice :: n. An act or continuing conduct of a professional ... eed. See also: errors and omissions mandamus :: (man-dame-us) n. Latin for "we order," a writ (mor ... mandamus. See also: writ of mandate Mann Act :: n. a federal statute making it a crime to transpor ... is five years in a federal prison. marriage :: n. the joining of a male and female in matrimony b ... of time without legal formalities. marshal :: 1) n. a federal court official who may serve paper ... tablish priorities among creditors. martial law :: n. a system of complete control by a country's mil ... n and women. See also: military law merger :: n. 1) in corporate law, the joining together of tw ... and taking one, and wife the other. Miranda warning :: n. the requirement, also called the Miranda rule, ... me such a suspect? See also: rights misdemeanor :: n. a lesser crime punishable by a fine and/or coun ... tion are felonies. See also: felony misprision of a felony :: n. the crime of concealing another's felony (serio ... also: accessory aid and abet felony mistrial :: n. the termination of a trial before its normal co ... from the beginning. See also: trial moral certainty :: n. in a criminal trial, the reasonable belief (but ... : beyond a reasonable doubt verdict mortgage :: n. a document in which the owner pledges his/her/i ... losure notice of default trust deed motion for a new trial :: n. a request made by the loser for the case to be ... hstanding the verdict motion N.O.V. motion for dismissal :: (non-suit) n. application by a defendant in a laws ... otion for nonsuit. See also: motion motion to strike :: n. a request for a judge's order to eliminate all ... be unrung." See also: motion strike murder :: n. the killing of a human being by a sane person, ... premeditation second degree murder N.O.V. :: adj. shorthand acronym of Latin for non obstante v ... notwithstanding the verdict verdic negligence :: n. failure to exercise the care toward others whic ... gence per se res ipsa loquitur tort no contest :: n. in criminal law, a defendant's plea in court th ... : nolo contendere plea plea bargain no fault insurance :: n: a type of automobile insurance required of car ... ling lawsuits. See also: negligence non-profit corporation :: n. an organization incorporated under state laws a ... harity corporation cy pres doctrine not guilty :: n. 1) plea of a person who claims not to have comm ... t guilty by reason of insanity plea not guilty by reason of insanity :: n. plea in court of a person charged with a crime ... fense not guilty temporary insanity notary public :: n. a person authorized by the state in which the p ... he state which appoints the notary. notice :: n. 1) information, usually in writing in all legal ... Thirty-day notice three-day notice occupy the field :: v. to preempt (monopolize) an area of statutory la ... ertain topics. See also: preemption on the merits :: adj. referring to a judgment, decision or ruling o ... s if this mistake had not occurred. opinion :: n. the explanation of a court's judgment. When a t ... which the author is not specified. order :: 1) n. every direction or mandate of a judge or a c ... defendant. See also: judge judgment order to show cause :: n. a judge's written mandate that a party appear i ... vernmental agency. See also: O.S.C. own recognizance :: (O.R.) n. the basis for a judge allowing a person ... n recognizance. See also: bail O.R. pardon :: 1) v. to use the executive power of a Governor or ... also: amnesty commutation reprieve parole :: n. 1) the release of a convicted criminal defendan ... sed he will not take up arms again. party :: n. 1) one of the participants in a lawsuit or othe ... y real party in interest respondent peace bond :: n. a bond required as part of a court order to gua ... ee also: injunction stay away order peer :: n. an equal. A "jury of one's peers," to which cri ... eria. See also: jury of one's peers peremptory challenge :: n. the right of the plaintiff and the defendant in ... challenge for cause jury voir dire petty larceny :: n. a term used in many states for theft of a small ... emeanor in charging and sentencing. plea :: n. 1) in criminal law, the response by an accused ... raignment plead preliminary hearing plea bargain :: n. in criminal procedure, a negotiation between th ... the ban. See also: cop a plea plea practice :: 1) n. custom or habit as shown by repeated action, ... s "she practices law in St. Louis." preemption :: n. the rule of law that if the federal government ... cs control may parallel each other. preliminary hearing :: n. in criminal law, a hearing to determine if a pe ... nment charge Grand Jury information premises :: n. 1) in real estate, land and the improvements on ... t). See also: real estate structure presiding judge :: n. 1) in both state and federal appeals court, the ... and chairs meetings of the judges. presumption :: n. a rule of law which permits a court to assume a ... resumption at all, but a certainty. principal :: n. 1) main person in a business. 2) employer, the ... ry agency agent respondeat superior prior(s) :: n. slang for a criminal defendant's previous recor ... es for the third felony conviction. pro tem :: 1) adj. short for the Latin pro tempore, temporari ... as "Sam Collins is Pro Tem today." probate :: 1) n. the process of proving a will is valid and t ... e also: administrator executor will probation :: n. a chance to remain free (or serve only a short ... See also: attorney-client privilege procedure :: n. the methods and mechanics of the legal process. ... cases are tried and judgments made. process :: n. in law, the legal means by which a person is re ... service of process subpena summons proof :: n. confirmation of a fact by evidence. In a trial, ... doubt preponderance of the evidence property :: n. anything that is owned by a person or entity. P ... rty real property separate property prosecute :: v. 1) in criminal law, to charge a person with a c ... rney General prosecution prosecutor prostitution :: n. the profession of performing sexual acts for mo ... so: pander panderer pimp prostitute public defender :: n. an elected or appointed public official (usuall ... to convicted indigents for appeals. quantum meruit :: : (kwahn-tuhm mare-ooh-it) n. Latin for "as much a ... uit by implying a contract existed. question of fact :: n. in a lawsuit or criminal prosecution, an issue ... also: finding judge question of law question of law :: n. an issue arising in a lawsuit or criminal prose ... udge question of fact trier of fact real property :: n. 1) all land, structures, firmly attached and in ... onal property real estate reversion reasonable doubt :: n. not being sure of a criminal defendant's guilt ... also: preponderance of the evidence regulations :: n. rules and administrative codes issued by govern ... es usually have similar procedures. release on one's own recognizance :: v. for a judge to allow a criminal defendant pre-t ... ourtroom slang. See also: bail O.R. remedy :: n. the means to achieve justice in any matter in w ... gment provisional remedy settlement reports :: n. the published decisions of appeals courts in al ... ilable in almost all law libraries. res gestae :: (rayz jest-tie) n. from Latin for "things done," i ... n those circumstances are reliable. robbery :: n. 1) the direct taking of property (including mon ... We've been robbed." See also: theft rogatory letters :: n. a written request by a judge to a judge in anot ... also: deposition testimony witness sanction :: n. 1) a financial penalty imposed by a judge on a ... ction." See also: contempt of court sealed verdict :: n. the decision of a jury when there is a delay in ... reconvenes. See also: jury verdict search and seizure :: n. examination of a person's premises (residence, ... robable cause search search warrant search warrant :: n. a written order by a judge which permits a law ... ble cause search search and seizure self-defense :: n. the use of reasonable force to protect oneself ... ndalism. See also: assault homicide separate property :: n. in community property states (California, Texas ... pouse. See also: community property service :: n. 1) paid work by another person, either by contr ... ersonal services service of process service by publication :: n. serving a summons or other legal document in a ... perty. See also: service of process service of process :: n. the delivery of copies of legal documents such ... by publication substituted service set aside :: v. to annul or negate a court order or judgment by ... "set aside" the original dismissal. sheriff :: n. the top law enforcement officer for a county, u ... ." See also: bailiff sheriff's sale shield laws :: n. statutes enacted in some states which declare t ... See also: privileged communication shortening time :: n. an order of the court in response to the motion ... e notice is served within 24 hours. sodomy :: n. anal copulation by a man inserting his penis in ... tiality). See also: bestiality rape special administrator :: n. a person appointed by the court in a probate pr ... or administrator. See also: probate special circumstances :: n. in criminal cases, particularly homicides, acti ... urant. See also: capital punishment specific finding :: n. a decision on a fact made by a jury in its verd ... so forth. See also: special verdict specific performance :: n. the right of a party to a contract to demand th ... artwork. See also: contract prayer speedy trial :: n. in criminal prosecutions, the right of a defend ... hurt by the waiver. See also: trial standing :: n. the right to file a lawsuit or file a petition ... so: actual controversy jurisdiction state action :: n. in federal Civil Rights Acts, dating back to 18 ... for damages. See also: civil rights state of domicile :: n. the state in which a person has his/her permane ... orated. See also: domicile resident statute :: n. a federal or state written law enacted by the C ... and proclamations are not statutes. statute of limitations :: n. a law which sets the maximum period which one c ... ies. See also: demurrer laches toll strike :: 1) v. to remove a statement from the record of the ... ing the business, factory or store. sua sponte :: : (sooh-uh spahn-tay) adj. Latin for "of one's own ... ot have jurisdiction over the case. subpena duces tecum :: : (suh-pea-nah dooh-chess-take-uhm or dooh-kess-ta ... ng a court order. See also: witness substituted service :: n. accomplishing service (delivery) of legal docum ... ee also: service service of process successive sentences :: n. in criminal law, the imposition of the penalty ... uld be 15 years. See also: sentence summons :: n. a document issued by the court at the time a la ... use service service of process writ supremacy clause :: n. Article VI, section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, ... f involving a constitutional issue. Supreme Court :: n. 1) the highest court in the United States, whic ... rt in other states. See also: court suspended sentence :: n. in criminal law, a penalty applied by a judge t ... may be enforced. See also: sentence tax :: n. a governmental assessment (charge) upon propert ... unified estate and gift tax use tax temporary insanity :: n. in a criminal prosecution, a defense by the acc ... diminished capacity insanity intent theft :: n. the generic term for all crimes in which a pers ... rglary embezzlement larceny robbery three strikes, you're out :: n. recent (beginning 1994) legislation enacted in ... ich involve small amounts of money. time served :: n. the period a criminal defendant has been in jai ... o the defendant. See also: sentence toll :: v. 1) to delay, suspend or hold off the effect of ... bridge or take passage on a ferry. tort :: n. from French for "wrong," a civil wrong or wrong ... nce slander trespass wrongful death transferred intent :: n. in both criminal and tort (civil wrong) law, wh ... hit upon Truehart. See also: intent trial :: n. the examination of facts and law presided over ... at a hearing held at a later time. trier of fact :: n. the judge or jury responsible for deciding fact ... r referee may be the trier of fact. trust :: n. an entity created to hold assets for the benefi ... testamentary trust trustee trustor vehicular manslaughter :: n. the crime of causing the death of a human being ... gence manslaughter reckless driving venue :: n. 1) the proper or most convenient location for t ... ion. See also: forum non conveniens verdict :: n. the decision of a jury after a trial, which mus ... nt quotient verdict special verdict void for vagueness :: adj. referring to a statute defining a crime which ... o the states by the 14th Amendment. voir dire :: (vwahr [with a near-silent "r"] deer) n. from Fren ... t witness jury peremptory challenge warrant :: 1) n. an order (writ) of a court which directs a l ... e search and seizure search warrant white collar crime :: n. a generic term for crimes involving commercial ... committed by "blue collar" workers. will :: n. a written document which leaves the estate of t ... will and testament probate testator witness stand :: n. a chair at the end of the judge's bench on the ... estimony clearly. See also: witness youthful offenders :: n. under-age people accused of crimes who are proc ... alty. See also: juvenile delinquent Popular Law Searcheslegal definition ministerial act :: n. an act, particularly of a governmental employee ... exercising any individual judgment.chancery legal definition :: n. a court that can order acts performed. Today ch ... ts in most states. See also: equity testamentary disposition legal definition :: n. how the terms of a will divide the testator's ( ... named beneficiaries. See also: will contract of sufferance :: n. a "hold-over" tenancy after a lease has expired ... y tenancy at will unlawful detainer forthwith legal definition :: adv. a term found in contracts, court orders and s ... mediacy, with no excuses for delay. forthwith definition legal :: adv. a term found in contracts, court orders and s ... mediacy, with no excuses for delay. what is to wit in a legal contract :: prep. that is to say. Example: "the passengers in ... tty Bumgartner and Sherry Younger." mirror wills legal definition :: n. the wills of a husband and wife which are ident ... d each names the other as executor. clean hands doctrine latin :: n. a rule of law that a person coming to court wit ... ices. See also: affirmative defense sine qua non only relates to contract law :: (see-nay kwah nahn) prep. Latin for "without which ... qua non of the injury to Playmate. Other Law Terms - Ssaid :: adj. a reference back to a thing that was previous ... automobile in a negligent manner."sale :: n. transfer of something (and title to it) in retu ... contract forced sale sheriff's sale salvage :: 1) v. to save goods. 2) n. payment to a person or ... which saves cargo from a shipwreck. sanction :: n. 1) a financial penalty imposed by a judge on a ... ction." See also: contempt of court satisfaction :: n. receiving payment or performance of what is due ... n contract satisfaction of judgment satisfaction of judgment :: n. a document signed by a judgment creditor (the p ... ord. See also: abstract of judgment satisfaction of mortgage :: n. a document signed by a lender acknowledging tha ... id off the debt. See also: mortgage save harmless :: v. 1) also called hold harmless, to indemnify (pro ... . See also: hold harmless indemnify savings and loan :: n. a banking and lending institution, chartered ei ... vings into the home finance market. scienter :: n. Latin for "having knowledge." In criminal law, ... ents were lies and thus fraudulent. scintilla :: n. Latin for "spark." Scintilla is commonly used i ... ark) upon which to base a judgment. scope of employment :: n. actions of an employee which further the busine ... ter and servant respondeat superior scrivener :: n. a person who writes a document for another, usu ... r practicing law without a license. seal :: n. a device which creates an impression upon paper ... e "sealed," but that is rare today. sealed verdict :: n. the decision of a jury when there is a delay in ... reconvenes. See also: jury verdict sealing of records :: n. trial records and decisions which a judge order ... eep the terms from public scrutiny. search :: v. 1) to examine another's premises (including a v ... e search and seizure search warrant search and seizure :: n. examination of a person's premises (residence, ... robable cause search search warrant search warrant :: n. a written order by a judge which permits a law ... ble cause search search and seizure second degree murder :: n. a non-premeditated killing, resulting from an a ... t degree murder manslaughter murder |